In recent times, problems of other higher vertebrates, like Nilgai (blue bull), wild boar, monkeys etc are on rise in many regions and sometimes severe damage is reported due to crop raiding by these higher vertebrates. Except for some scattered reports on their ecology and habitat analysis, no systematic efforts have been made so far from their management point. To initiate R&D activities on management of such higher mammals in agricultural landscape across the country the ICAR approved R&D on these pests under the umbrella of AINP on Vertebrate Pest Management (AINP-VPM) from third year of XII Plan Period (2014-15 onwards).